Surrounded by high mountains, Sirnak is a new and small province
of Turkey in Eastern Anatolia,
and was once a town of Hakkari province. The
Habur border gate with Iraq is here on the road which is one of Turkey's
main links to Middle Eastern countries.
It is believed that the settlement was originally called "Sehr-i Nuh" (the city of Noah) since it was near Cudi Mountain where Noah's Arc finally landed after the Flood (see Ararat). The original name later transformed into "Sernah". During the Guti Empire reigned in the region, a special inscription style called "civi zend" was invented. Mount Cudi, surrounded by other mountains to the east and northeast and plains to the west and southwest has a unique place in history. It is the mountain on which Noah's Arc is believed to land. One of its peaks over 2000 meters is "Noah's Visit". (Some locals believe that Noah landed on Cudi mountain instead of Ararat).
Other historical assets of Sirnak include a rock carving from the Assyrians describing a figure on horseback (in Meseici village near Kasrik Pass); other rock carvings dating back to the Neolithic Age which corresponds to 7000 BC (in Beytussebap); fortresses of Kale, Meme Kale and Kaletivuru; bridges of the Kasrik Pass which reflect the art stone working in the time of Seljuks; and Virgin Mary Church in Cizre (not to be confused with the one in Ephesus).
The population of Sirnak is 312,000 (1997 Census) living in an area extending over 7,172 square kilometers. Beytussebap, Cizre, Guclukonak, Idil, Silopi and Uludere are the administrative districts of Sirnak.
In Sirnak, agriculture, animal husbandry and border trade form the backbone of economic life. Wheat, barley and lentil are the main crops. Cotton is grown as an industrial crop. Cizre and Silopi raise high quality pomegranate and grape. Animal husbandry is practiced by nomadic people. They mainly breed sheep and various types of goats (ordinary goat, Angora goat, and brown haired goat specific to the area).
Traditional handicrafts consist of carpet, kilim and bag weaving. Sirnak scarves are woven out of sheep and goat wool. Beytussebap is well known for its kilims.
For the future, Sirnak is expected to flourish in meat processing and leather industries and to market its asphalt which has an estimated reserve of 29 million tons.
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